1. What is Centripetal Force?

Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path. It always acts toward the center of rotation and is perpendicular to the object's velocity vector.

2. Understanding the Formula

The centripetal force formula is:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kg)
• \( a_c \) — Centripetal acceleration (m/s²)

Explanation: The centripetal force required to keep an object moving in a circular path is proportional to both the mass of the object and its centripetal acceleration.

3. Applications of Centripetal Force

Details: Centripetal force is essential in many real-world applications including planetary orbits, vehicle turning on curves, amusement park rides, and particle accelerators.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kilograms and centripetal acceleration in meters per second squared. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is centripetal force a real force?
A: Yes, centripetal force is a real force that causes circular motion, but it's not a separate force type - it's usually provided by tension, gravity, friction, or other forces.

Q2: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal force is the real force pulling toward the center, while centrifugal force is a perceived outward force in a rotating reference frame (a fictitious force).

Q3: How is centripetal acceleration calculated?
A: Centripetal acceleration can be calculated as \( a_c = \frac{v^2}{r} \) where v is tangential velocity and r is radius of the circular path.

Q4: Can centripetal force change an object's speed?
A: No, centripetal force only changes the direction of velocity, not its magnitude. The speed remains constant in uniform circular motion.

Q5: What happens if centripetal force is removed?
A: The object will stop moving in a circular path and continue in a straight line tangent to its previous circular path (Newton's first law).